Machine



May 15, 192&

C. W. CHIH s Sheet sSheet 1 Filed Jan. 31 1920 a moon rot (fie/ ay Wrz@070 W W M fll'lmuu;

May 15, 1923. 1,455,710 v C. W. CHlH CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Jan. 311920 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 C/zeny Wen 6/2272 551 euro-m Patented May 15,1923.

UNITED STATES CHENG EN 'JI-III-I, OF CANTON, CHINA.

CALCULATING BLEACHINE.

Application filed January 32, 1920.

T all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHENG WEN Criirr, acitizen of China, residing at Canton, China, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Calculating Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to calculating machines, and one object is toprovide a device by the use of which the perations of addition,subtraction, multiplication and division may be performed, as well asother more complicated operations, in a simplified manner, and withoutthe use of elaborate mechanism.

A further object is to provide a device which may be manufactured atreasonable cost, and-is equally adapted tor the use 01 students andthose engaged in solving complicated problems in connection withscientific work.

A further object is to provide a device by the use of which theoperation of subtraction may be performed on the same princi ple as thator addition.

A still further object is to provide a calculating device employing aplurality of disks each of which carries two series of unmerals, thenumerals being arranged in reverse order in the respective series andcertain novel means for controlling each disk by the next lower disktoward the right.

A still turther object is to provide a calculating machine with asuitable casing therefor, of such proportions that it may be readilycarried in the pocket of the individual desiring to make use of thedevice.

WVith the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists inthe novel construction, combination, and arrangement cl elementshereinafter described and c aimed.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure l is a perspective view 0 ing for inclosing the device,

Figure 2 is a perspective view of one of the trays, or sections of thecasing,

Figure 3 is a perspective view oi one of the end members of the casing,

Figure 4 is a top plan view of one of the sections or trays, with theelements ol. the calculating device mounted therein,

Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of several of the rotatable elements,showing the means for imparting movement to a given disk from anadjacent disk,

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section through if the eas- Serial No.355,468.

ure 6,

Figure is a section on line S-8 of Figure a top plan view of severaladeach having two series of numbers, reading in the direction shown,

higure it) IS a top plan view showing the a. ertured slides whichcooperate with the size,

Figure 11 is an end view of the t disks,

K structure .L igure 1, the end plate of the casing bee; removed, Figure12 is a perspective view or one of the slides, showing lingers on thelower side thereot, for the purpose indicated below,

Figure 1-33 is a detail view showing the movement of the element bymeans of which rotation imparted to the next higher disk.

The casi in which the apparatus is con- "c. tly installed, in order thatit may be carried or placed in the pocket of the individual making useof it, includes a plurality o sections and i2 these sections be'identically formed. The end members ii are shown in Figure 3 and eachincludes flanged elements 1 1- which fit over the ends of the sectionsof the casing and are secured in any suitable manner, as by means oi?pivoted hooks 15. Each section or tray is provided with guides of theform shown in Figure 2, and there designated 16, these guides being inpairs having ofi set portions in the ends thereof, properly secured tothe ends of the sections above red to.

lders for the operative elements of the devzce are designated 20, andare each provided on the bottom thereof with inwardly turned flanged.portions 21. engaging the ti'ilOlQSZl-lti i .es, permitting the holdersto slide within the sections of the casing.

holder 1 mount a series of Wi th in each disks or wheels 24, theseelements being rigid nth reterence to spindles 25, and the latter eachbeing torn'ied with a crank element, or ofi set element 26, shown inFigure 8, each spindle being further provided with a handle portion andpointer 27, by means of which the disk is readily rotated by the lingerof the user of the device.

Each disk or wheel carries on the under side thereof a plurality of pins28, termed long pins. There are ten of these pins to each disk.

Considering the disk at the right hand as the unit disk, the latter willmake a complete revolution in imparting to the next disk, or tens disk,one-tenth of a revolution, and this relative movement holds good for anytwo adjacent disks in a given holder, that is in the same longitudinalline. In order to impart this movement, I provide a pivotally mountedplate 30 having an elongated slot 31 at its central portion throughwhich the pivot pin passes.

Plate 30 is provided with slots 32 and proportioned to engage certain ofthe pins of the adjacent disks, in the manner shown in Figures 5 and 6.The corner portions of the plates 30 which engage the slots are roundedas shown at 33, in order to permit of the return of the elements tonormal position. The rounded surface 33 in engagement with one of thepins 28 (Figure 13), I

acts as a cam and imparts a longitudinal thrust to plate 30 as soon asthe pin 40 advances in a counter-clockwise direction slightly from theposition of Figure 13, slot 31 permitting this movement. The coiledsprings having been tensioned when moving plate 30 from normal position,will now return that element to the position of Figure It is assumedthat the spindles on each of the disks are mounted for frictionalcontact with their bearings, and that they will remain in the positionin which they are set. The pivotal pin 34 of the plate 30 is encircledby coiled spring 35 permitting of the vertical movement of the plate.Springs 37 and 38 connected with opposite ends of the plate and with thebase of the holder, tend to hold the plates in normal position, or inthe position of Figure 5, and to restore them to that position afterbeing thrown by the manual rotation of the disks or either one of them.

This plate 30 is not engaged by the long pins 28 of the actuating disk,but is engaged by a single short pin 40, with the result that thisactuating element 30 is only operated once for each complete revolutionof a given disk, the elements being so proportioned that the next diskto the left is rotated through one-tenth of a revolution, for purposeswell known in calculating devices. The deflected portion 30' of theactuating plates 30 is beyond the path of movement of the short pin 40.

In order to reset the disks, and for the purposes indicated below, Iprovide the. slides and 46 shown in Figure 10 and shown in perspectivein Figure 12. One of these slides carries fingers 47 having bevelledends 47' for engaging the plates 30 and throw them out of engagementwith the pins, permitting of the resetting operation.

The slides 45 and 46 carry operating elements 49 by whi h thev may bemoved lon-' gitudinally, and slide 46 may be moved toward the slide 45in effecting the operation just mentioned. Slide 46 is provided withslots 58 which engage the crank arms 26, offset in the manner shown inFigure 8, and the movement thereby imparted to the disks is sufiicientto restore the latter to normal position, that is, to zero, regardlessof the position of individual disks. The crank portion 26 will beengaged by some edge wall of slot 58. and this element 26 is sopositioned that when the pointer is opposite any of the numbers of thedisk there will be no direct engagement between the end wall'of slot 58and element 26, but always an em gagement at some angle, so thatsidewise movement of the crank and rotary movement of the disk follows.

Each disk carries an outer series of nu- Inerals designated 55, thefigures running from 1 to 9, in the direction shown, and-being followedby zero. An inner series ofnumerals 56 runs in the opposite direction,the numeral 4 of this series being opposite zero of the other series.Apertures 57 in slide 45 expose to view one numeral ata time of theouter series, which may be termed the series of positive numbers. Thenumerals of this series may be in red. The apertures 58 in plate 46expose to view the numerals of the inner series, and these may be inblack, and may be termed negative numbers.

Above the disks are indicating devices shown in Figure 4, and these maybe in the form of plates or cards marked 60, and provided with oppositeslots 61 and 62 registering respectively with the inner and outer seriesof figures. Plate is further provided with the representation of ageometrical figure 63 which may be likened to a tenpointed star.

The slides 45 and 46 are movable longitudinally in one operation byapplying the finger to either of the engaging devices 49. Slide 4-5 hasa laterally extending arm 45 at one end, and slide 46 has an arm 46',and in view of the relation of the elements shown, the slides movetogether, as stated, when they are shifted lengtluvise. In View of therelation between the slots in the slides, and the slots 62 and 61 inplate 60, only one numeral on each disk will be exposed to view at onetime. oi the numerals ot' the outer series will be exposed to view. Vhenthe slides are moved to the left. one figure of the inner series will beeXpOSGd.

\Vhen it is desired to perform the operation of addition, the disks inthe upper row of Figure .4 are preferably used, these disks being firstturned to zero, and then manually so that the first number of the"example shall appear through the openings 'mla... MP1

in Figure 10 one 1 62, each figure of the number appearing one of thedisks in correct position with reference to the adjacent figures, and adjacent disks. The element 27 serves not only as an operating device butas a pointer and cooperates with the figure representing the ten-pointedstar.

The second number of the example preferably shown by the disks of thesec ond row, or middle row reading from left to right. Beginning withthe left hand disk of the middle row (and having reference only to thedisks which have been set as above), that disk is rotated in clockwisedirection as many points as are indicated by the figure exposed to viewin the disk directly above. If the number in the row is 22, the firstdisk in the second row, or middle row, will be rotated two points, andthe same statement applies to the next disk toward the right in themiddle row. If the number had been 23, the disk last amed would havebeen rotated three points. The disks of the middle row having been setas stated, the number read from those disks represents the total of thetwo original numbers.

in the foregoing it will be noticed that the numbers of the outer seriesof each disk have been used, these representing positive numbers, andnot negative or minus quantities.

in subtraction, the fir number is profferably represented by the disksof the upper row, and the number to be subtracted is shown by the disksof the lower row. lhus far the numbers are read through the openings 62.It the number to be deducted is not greater than the principal nun'iber,then the operator proceeds with the operation above mentioned, underaddition, t shitting slide l6 to the left so the li will appear throughopenings 58) adding the number of the inner series 56 appearing in thelower apertures oi the lower row to the original number, with theproviso that before adding there shall be an increase of one unit on thelast disk to the right in the number to be added (outer series). Thisincrease is obviously secured by continuing the rotary movement untilthe next higher numeral appears, and not beyond that point.

in the event that all of the disks are not used, 9 must be added to eachdisk to the alt oi" the vertical row of disks employed in carrying outthe operation.

The result thus obtained is also apositive numbe shown in the upperapertures.

l i hat I claim is 1. In a device of the series of rotatable disks,

class described, a each disk bearing C ies of numerals reading in theopposite direction. and interengaging devices longitudinally movable andacting to permit one numeral either series to be exposed on each disk,to the exclusion of all other nu orals on the same disk.

2. In a device of the class described, a series or rotatable disks, eachdisk bearing an outer series of numerals and an inner series of nu eralsreading in the opposite direction, crengaging devices haviopenings outof alinement transverse thereof, and a plate having openings inalinement transversely thereof, said open- ;s pe 'tting of the exposureof one nural of either series of each disk, to the exclusion of allother numerals on the same disk.

3. In a device of the class described, a series of numbered disks,devices having openings therein and movable longitudinally oi the seriesof disks, one of said devices including a laterally extending mem beradapted upon movement in one direction to engage the other of saidlongitudinally movable devices.

t. in a device or" the class described, a. series of rotatable diskshaving their axes of rotation parallel, engaging devices carried by thedisks, a pivoted element mounted for resilient movement in a pluralityof directions, and tiltable at an angle with reference to its plane 01"movement, said pi oted element cooperating with the engagin; devices,and serving to impart movement from one disk to the adjacent disk. andslidable means for throwing the pivoted element out of the path ormovement of the engaging devices.

5. In a device the class described, a series of rotatable disks havingtheir axes of rotation parallel, eng g'ing devices carried by the disks,a pivoted element mounted between each two disks and having slottedportions tor contacting with the engaging devic of one disk when saidelement engaged by certn of the engagdevices or the adjacent disk,resilientmeans permit'ing movement of the pivoted element in thedirection of its axis, and a spring connected with each end of thepivserving to normally reoted element and tain this element in a planeparallel with the disks, to permit angular movement with reference tothe surface of the disks, and to restore the latter to normal positionwhen deflected In testimony whereof l ture.

atlix my signa- CHENG WEN CHIH.

